What Are Gum Diseases?

Gum diseases are pathological inflammatory conditions affecting gums and supporting bone (periodontal tissues). They lead to gum separation from teeth, plaque buildup, and bone loss if untreated.

Gingivitis and Periodontitis

  • Gingivitis:
  • Early stage of gum disease caused by plaque buildup.

  • Symptoms:
  • Red, swollen gums, bleeding, bad breath, and sensitivity.

  • Reversibility:
  • Reversible with good oral hygiene and dental care.

  • Periodontitis:
  • Advanced gum disease with deeper pockets, bone loss, and tooth mobility.

  • Symptoms:
  • Inflamed gums, deep pockets, and potential tooth loss.

Stages of Gum Disease

  • Healthy Gums: No inflammation, stable and healthy gum tissue.
  • Gingivitis: Red, swollen gums, bleeding during brushing or flossing.
  • Mild Periodontitis: Early bone loss, gum pockets begin to form.
  • Moderate Periodontitis: Significant bone and tissue damage, tooth mobility.
  • Severe Periodontitis: Severe damage to bone and gums, tooth loss possible.

Treatments for Gum Problems

  • For Gingivitis:
    • Teeth cleaning to remove plaque and tartar.
    • Improved oral hygiene at home.
  • For Mild to Moderate Periodontitis:
    • Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning).
    • Use of antibiotics to control infection.
  • For Severe Periodontitis:
    • Flap surgery for deep cleaning and repositioning of gums.
    • Bone grafts for regenerating lost bone.
    • Tissue regeneration to restore gum tissue.
    • Laser therapy for targeted treatment.
  • General Treatments:
    • Antimicrobial mouthwash to reduce bacteria.
    • Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and eating a balanced diet.

Laser Gum Surgeries

Advanced treatment using laser technology.

  • Benefits:
    • Reduced discomfort and minimal bleeding.
    • Faster recovery time.
    • Precision targeting of infected tissue.
    • Preservation of healthy gum tissue.

Gums and Overall Health

  • Heart Health: Gum disease increases the risk of heart disease.
  • Diabetes: Gum disease and diabetes worsen each other.
  • Respiratory Health: Bacteria from gums can lead to lung infections.
  • Pregnancy Complications: Linked to preterm births and low birth weight.
  • Bone Health: Causes loss of jawbone and affects overall bone structure.
  • Systemic Inflammation: Chronic gum inflammation impacts overall health.

Precautions After Gum Treatment

  • Avoid hard or crunchy foods for a few days.
  • Maintain gentle oral hygiene but avoid sensitive areas.
  • Use antimicrobial mouthwash if recommended.
  • Stay hydrated to aid healing.
  • Manage pain with dentist-approved medications.
  • Avoid tobacco products to prevent complications.
  • Limit physical activity to avoid increased blood flow to treated areas.
  • Monitor for complications like swelling or bleeding.
  • Attend follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing.

Cost of Gum Treatments

  • Scaling and polishing: $50–$150
  • Deep cleaning: $200–$500
  • Scaling and root planing: $400–$800
  • Flap surgery: $1,000–$3,000
  • Laser flap surgery: $1,500–$4,000
  • Bone graft: $500–$3,000 per tooth